The Thirteenth Amendment / Are All Men Created Equal ?
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This 10 page paper asks whether or not minorities are treated fairly in America today. The 13th amendment effectively freed the slaves and deemed every citizen equal to one another regardless of race. The writer takes the stance that the promises made have not been realized. Solutions are explored and a discussion on the appropriateness of affirmative action is also included. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: 13amend.rtf

Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man: The Symbolic Value of the Narrator's Possessions
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This 2 page paper considers the symbolic value of the items that the narrator collects in his briefcase and those items that he eventually discards. No additional sources cited.
Filename: MHinvism.wps

Cooper & Rolandson/Savagery and Civilization
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A 5 page analysis of James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans and Mary White Rowlandson's personal narrative that tells of her capture by Narragansett Indians in a 1675 attack on Lancaster, Mass. The writer argues that both of these accounts are revealing as to how whites viewed Native Americans and how this showed the contrast between what is considered 'civilized behavior' and savagery. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 90savage.rtf

'Coming of Age in Mississippi' by Anne Moody
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5 pages. This excellent paper reviews the book by Anne Moody as it describes her turbulent life growing up black in Mississippi. In this tense and very interesting book, author Anne Moody describes to the reader a society that is unlike anything most of us have ever experienced. Anne Moody was one of the original protestors at the Woolworth's counter in Jackson. She describes finding her own name on a Klan ‘wanted’ list and seeing a boy beaten as FBI agents watch from across the street. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAmsspi.wps

“Affirmative Action”
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A paper which looks at the way in which the policies related to affirmative action have been developed, and the social and cultural issues which gave rise to the need for positive discrimination in the first instance. The paper also assesses how effective affirmative action has been, and whether it has achieved its stated aims of reducing disadvantage and discrimination. Bibliography lists 3 sources
Filename: JLassertaction.wps

“Afrocentric Escapism”: A Review of an Article by Commentator Thomas Sowell
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A 3 page review of an article published in the April 14, 1995 edition of “The Washington Times” entitled “Afrocentric Escapism”. Sowell explores what he perceives as the creation of false history and tradition in the African American community. Sowell explains this practice as having evolved out of the dire need to escape the multitude of very real problems which are confronting the community. While the solution to such problems lies in education and the acquisition of job skills, those who are recreating the so-called black experience are instead focusing the attention of their young followers on the problems of the past. Includes many insights on the misperceptions of slavery itself. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPblkEs2.rtf

“Ar’n’t I a Woman” by Deborah Gray White
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A 4 page paper which examines the work “Ar’n’t I a Woman” by Deborah Gray White. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAarntia.rtf

“Ar’n’t I a Woman?”
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A 3 page paper which examines the condition of the female slave as seen in Deborah Gray White’s “Ar’n’t I a Woman?” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAarn1.rtf

“Ar’n’t I a Woman?”
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A 3 page paper which examines the image of Jezebel and Mammy as seen in Deborah Gray White’s “Ar’n’t I a Woman?” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAarn2.rtf

“Celia, a Slave: A True Story”
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A 3 page review of the Book by Melton McLaurin. This paper examines the social hierarchy which is unveiled by this book. The author contends the issues explored by McLaurin are not limited to the relationship between the races. Indeed, these issues permeate both the South and the North and involve not just the clearly defined line between the slave and the master, the affluent and the destitute, but also the clearly defined line between the man and the woman of this time period. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPcelia.rtf

“Coming of Age in Mississippi”: A Review of the Book by Ann Moody
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A 5 page discussion of the segregation and racism which existed in the 1940s and 1950s during the early years of this author’s life in rural Mississippi. Blacks were simply viewed as inferiors this earlier part of American history and there were no social consequences for the many injustices which occurred. Even those blacks and whites who recognized these injustices most typically just let them pass, afraid to make their objections known for fear of retaliation. Moody, however, would become one of the South’s first Civil Rights activists. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPblkMis.rtf

“Down by the Riverside” by Charles Joyner
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A 5 page paper which provides a summary and analysis of Charles Joyner’s “Down by the Riverside: A South Carolina Slave Community.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAriver.rtf

“Ethnocentricity and Indigenous Nations”
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A seven page paper which looks at the way in which the ethnocentric perceptions of European colonisation mediated against the interests of indigenous native populations, and the effect which this has had up to the present day in terms of cultural assimilation and the marginalisation of native peoples. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JL2ethnocentricity.wps

“Freedom’s Child” by Carrie Allen McCray
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A 5 page paper which examines the life of African Americans from 1865 to 1930 as presented in the work “Freedom’s Child: The Life of a Confederate General's Black Daughter” by Carrie Allen McCray. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAmccray.rtf

“Lincoln Douglas Debates”
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A paper which looks at the issue of slavery as discussed in the Lincoln Douglas debates (one and seven) with regard to the agendas of the participants, the debating techniques used and the way in which the issues surrounding abolition and civil rights are dealt with.
Filename: JLlincoln.wps